![]() ![]() , Tranexamic acid is reported to improve melasma when injected locally or used in its oral and topical forms.Īlthough several treatment modalities are available, management of this condition is a challenging task for doctors and the results are frequently unsatisfactory, with a high recurrence. Its anti-inflammatory property appears to be related to its inhibitory effect on melanogenesis. ,, In addition to its hemostatic effects, tranexamic acid exhibits anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects on various skin diseases such as angioedema. ,, , Newer studies have found that tranexamic acid, a hemostatic agent, has hypopigmentary effect on melasma lesions and also prevents ultraviolet-induced pigmentation. These include the use of sunscreens, hypopigmenting agents, superficial peeling agents such as glycolic and lactic acid and laser therapy. Various treatment modalities are used for melasma. Although the precise cause of melasma is still unknown, some commonly identified contributing factors are genetic susceptibility, ultraviolet light exposure, pregnancy, sex hormones, contraceptive pills, thyroid disease, cosmetics and phototoxic drugs. This disease is commonly observed in women. Melasma is a common acquired dermatosis characterized by the presence of light-to-dark brown macules and patches involving the sun-exposed areas of the face and neck. Oral route is undoubtedly efficacious, but the results of microinjections, while encouraging, can probably be enhanced by either increasing the frequency of injections or increasing the concentration of the preparation. The dose of tranexamic acid in microinjections and the frequency of injections could have been increased.Ĭonclusion: Tranexamic acid provides rapid and sustained improvement in the treatment of melasma. Limitations: A small sample size was one of the limitations in this study. At 6-month follow-up, two patients (6.2%) in the oral group had recurrence as compared to three patients (9.4%) in the intralesional group. No major adverse effects were observed in both the groups. Thus, the oral group showed a more significant response as compared to the intralesional group. The remaining 15 patients in this group had <50% improvement. ![]() In the intralesional group, 17 (53%) patients had >50% improvement, of which 3 had >75% improvement. All 32 patients in the oral group (100%) showed >50% improvement, out of which 8 showed >75% improvement. Results: Improvement in melasma area and severity index score in the oral group was 57.5% as compared to 43.5% in the intralesional group. ![]() Clinical photographs were taken at each visit, and a modified melasma area and severity index scoring was performed at the beginning and end of treatment. Patients were followed up for 3 consecutive months. Thirty-two patients were administered localized microinjections (4 mg/ml) of tranexamic acid monthly in 1 arm, while in the other arm, 32 were given oral tranexamic acid 250 mg twice a day. Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, open-label study with a sample size of 64, 32 in each treatment arm. Treatment using tranexamic acid is a novel concept.Īim: This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of oral tranexamic acid and tranexamic acid microinjections in patients with melasma. Background: Melasma poses a great challenge as its treatment modalities are unsatisfactory. ![]()
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